Implementation of health warnings on alcoholic beverages in Spain
Sordo, Luis (Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Departamento de Salud Pública y Materno-Infantil)
Padillaf Cruz, Jarileen (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Salud Pública y Microbiología)
Bosque Prous, Marina (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Psicobiologia i de Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut)
Díaz Geada, Ainara (Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psiquiatría, Radiología, Salud Pública, Enfermería y Medicina)
Barrio, Gregorio (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública)
Lafon-Guasch, Aina (Universitat Oberta de Catalunya)
Rogés, Judit (Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya)
Galán, Ignacio (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública)

Date:	2025
Description:	3 pàg.
Abstract:	The objective of this study is to estimate the frequency and characteristics of health warning labeling on alcoholic beverages in Spain. Cross-sectional study conducted in Madrid, Spain, between March and April 2023. A convenience sample was designed by selecting four supermarket chains with a 40 % share of food distribution and two specialized alcohol stores. A total of 627 products were examined: 170 beers, 306 wines and sparkling wines, 68 liquors, 48 vermouths and aperitifs, and 35 other types of alcoholic beverages. Fisher's exact test statistically evaluated differences in labeling across beverage types. One or more health warnings were observed on 63. 0 % of the products, with the most frequent being a recommendation against consumption during pregnancy (56. 5 %), followed by recommendations against consumption by minors (19. 0 %), and while driving (9. 1 %). Only 9. 1 % of the labels displayed two warnings, and 6. 2 % displayed three. Significant differences were observed according to beverage type (p < 0. 001), with the beer products presenting the highest frequency of displaying at least one warning (81. 8 %), and liquors presenting the lowest frequency (50 %). In Spain, alcohol industry's adherence to its own voluntary labeling guidelines of health warnings is low and inconsistent across type of beverages.
Note:	Altres ajuts: This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Health. Government Delegation for the National Drugs Plan (grant number 2022G013)
Rights:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, i la comunicació pública de l'obra, sempre que no sigui amb finalitats comercials, i sempre que es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original. No es permet la creació d'obres derivades.
Language:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Subject:	Alcoholic beverages ; Health warnings ; Labeling
Published in:	Public Health in Practice, Vol. 9 (May 2025) , art. e100622, ISSN 2666-5352

DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100622
PMID: 40503439

3 p, 386.9 KB

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