WEFE nexus unveiled : a comprehensive review of monitoring and modelling methods in the water-energy-food-ecosystems nexus
Vrachioli, Maria (Technical University of Munich (TUM))
Mellios, Nikos (University of Thessaly)
Alp, Emre (Middle East Technical University (Ankara, Turquia))
Borchard, Nils (Universidade de Lisboa)
Calheiros, Cristina Sousa Coutinho (University of Porto)
Castelli, Giulio (Università degli Studi di Firenze)
Coletta, Virginia Rosa (Water Research Institute (IRSA/CNR))
Carvalho, Pedro N. (Environmental Science (Aarhus, Denmark))
Domínguez-Soberanes, Julieta (Universidad Panamericana (Mèxic))
Fader, Marianela (Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU))
Giordano, Raffaele (Water Research Institute (IRSA/CNR))
Madrid, Cristina (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals)
Oral, Hasan Volkan (Istanbul Aydin University)
Papadopoulou, Chrysaida Aliki (National Technical University of Athens)
Papadopoulou, Maria (National Technical University of Athens)
Pereira, Sofia I.A. (Universidade Católica Portuguesa (Lisbon, Portugal))
Pineda-Martos, Rocío (Universidad de Sevilla)
StepisnikPerdih, Tadej (National Technical University of Athens)
Vamvakeridou-Lyroudia, Lydia (KWR Water Research Institute)
Ziliaskopoulos, Konstantinos (University of Thessaly)
Adamos, Giannis (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki)
Brouwer, Floor (United Nations University - Institute for Integrated Management of Material Fluxes and of Resources - UNU-FLORES)
Laspidou, Chrysi (University of Thessaly)

Fecha:	2025
Resumen:	Sustainable resource management in the face of climate change is a pressing challenge for our society. This paper delves into the water-energy-food-ecosystems (WEFE) nexus, a scientific framework that supports the integrated assessment and management of the interconnected resources. Shifting from sectoral to cross-sectoral and transdisciplinary perspectives, the WEFE nexus addresses interdependencies and interactions among water, energy, food, ecosystems, and climate. This paper focuses on the extended nexus, incorporating ecosystems as a fourth pillar, underscoring the importance of considering ecosystems on an equal footing with water, energy, and food sectors. In addition, the paper emphasizes the significance of monitoring and modelling techniques, laying the foundations for understanding the nexus complexities and assessing uncertainty. The paper offers an overview of integrated nexus modelling, system analysis and socio-economic modelling, bridging the gap between nexus science and practice. It highlights the role of multifaceted stakeholder engagement methods, policy assessment, and institutional analysis in nexus models. Quantifying the nexus through indicators, and its alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals, EU Green Deal, and EU Blue Deal are also key focal points. Finally, the last part of the paper addresses challenges in existing nexus modelling attempts, advocates for the integration of transdisciplinary information, and presents lessons learned. The paper concludes with recommendations for the future of the WEFE nexus, emphasizing its potential in fostering transformative change toward sustainable resource management and inclusive policymaking.
Ayudas:	European Commission 101086522
Nota:	Unidad de excelencia María de Maeztu CEX2019-000940-M
Derechos:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Lengua:	Anglès
Documento:	Article de revisió ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Materia:	Modelling ; Monitoring ; Policy ; WEFE nexus ; SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ; SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy ; SDG 13 - Climate Action
Publicado en:	Environmental research letters, Vol. 20, Num. 11 (October 2025) , art. 113005, ISSN 1748-9326

DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ae0da3

22 p, 1.0 MB

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