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Pàgina inicial > Articles > Articles publicats > Microglia Stimulation by Protein Extract of Injured Rat Spinal Cord. A Novel In vitro Model for Studying Activated Microglia |
Data: | 2021 |
Resum: | Research on microglia has established the differentiation between the so-called M1 and M2 phenotypes. However, new frameworks have been proposed attempting to discern between meaningful microglia profiles. We have set up an in vitro microglial activation model by adding an injured spinal cord (SCI) lysate to microglial cultures, obtained from postnatal rats, in order to mimic the environment of the spinal cord after injury. We found that under the presence of the SCI lysate microglial cells changed their phenotype, developing less ramified but longer processes, and proliferated. The SCI lysate also led to upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, downregulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-4, and a biphasic profile of iNOS. In addition, a latex beads phagocytosis assay revealed the SCI lysate stimulated the phagocytic capacity of microglia. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that microglial cells showed a pro-inflammatory profile in the presence of SCI lysate. Finally, characterization of the microglial activation in the spinal cord on day 7 after contusion injury, we showed that these cells have a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Overall, these results indicate that the use of SCI lysates could be a useful tool to skew microglia towards a closer phenotype to that observed after the spinal cord contusion injury than the use of LPS or IFNγ. |
Ajuts: | Agencia Estatal de Investigación PCI2018-093029 Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad RD16/0011/0035 Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo CB06/05/1105 Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad SAF2016-79774-R |
Drets: | Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original. |
Llengua: | Anglès |
Document: | Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada |
Matèria: | Lysate ; Microglia ; Microglia culture ; Mrna expression ; Phagocytosis ; Rat ; Spinal cord injury |
Publicat a: | Frontiers in molecular neuroscience, Vol. 14 (May 2021) , art. 582497, ISSN 1662-5099 |
15 p, 5.1 MB |