'Green' Cr(III)-glycine electrolyte for the production of FeCrNi coatings : Electrodeposition mechanisms and role of by-products in terms of coating composition and microstructure
Bertero, Enrico (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne)
Manzano, Cristina V. (Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology)
Pellicer Vilà, Eva Maria (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Física)
Sort Viñas, Jordi (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Física)
Ulfig, Robert M. (CAMECA Instruments Inc.)
Mischler, Stefano (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne. Tribology and Interfacial Chemistry Group)
Michler, Johann (Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology)
Philippe, Laetitia (Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology)

Data:	2019
Resum:	The electrodeposition of stainless steel-like FeCrNi alloys for miniaturised devices is appealing as it would allow combining excellent material properties (e. g. corrosion resistance, hardness, biocompatibility) at low-cost. However, conventional baths often contain hazardous hexavalent chromium. Cr-based alloys electrodeposited from environmentally friendly trivalent chromium electrolytes are crucial for industrial application for facilitating the transition towards sustainable and ecological production and processing. Nevertheless, this process has not been comprehensively studied or understood in depth: Especially the role of organic agents (common additives for improving Cr(iii)-based plating; e. g. glycine) in terms of material properties of the electrodeposits. The aim of this work was to investigate the electrodeposition of FeCrNi coatings from a 'green' Cr(iii)-glycine electrolyte. Novel information was attained by analysing films developed under various conditions and characterising them using a combination of advanced techniques. The evolution of microstructure (from amorphous to nanocrystalline) in correlation with film composition (i. e. metals ratio and presence of impurities) and elemental 3D spatial distribution was achieved for coatings produced from different anode materials and thermal post-treatment. The influence of Cr(iii) and glycine in terms of coating atomic contents (i. e. Fe-Cr-Ni-O-C-N-H) was evaluated for films in which both the applied current density and electrolyte composition were varied. These results, together with a thorough analysis on metals speciation/complexation allowed us to propose various Cr(iii)-based electroreduction mechanisms, and to observe, upon annealing, segregation and distribution of impurities, as well as of oxides and metals with respect to microstructure variation, providing an explanation for the amorphisation process.
Ajuts:	Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca SGR-292 Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad MAT2017-86357-C3-1-R European Commission 642642 Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad RYC-2012-10839
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Coating compositions ; Ecological production ; Electrodeposition mechanism ; Electrolyte compositions ; Electroreduction mechanism ; Hexavalent chromium ; Microstructure variations ; Thermal post-treatments
Publicat a:	RSC advances, Vol. 9, Issue 44 (2019) , p. 25762-25775, ISSN 2046-2069

DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04262h
PMID: 35530084

14 p, 1.9 MB

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