The contribution of social participation to differences in life expectancy and healthy years among the older population : a comparison between Chile, Costa Rica and Spain
Rueda-Salazar, Sarahí (Centre d'Estudis Demogràfics)
Spijker, Jeroen (Centre d'Estudis Demogràfics)
Devolder, Daniel (Centre d'Estudis Demogràfics)
Albala, Cecilia (Universidad de Chile. Instituto de la Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos)

Data:	2021
Resum:	We study the health trajectories of the population aged over 60, comparing between one European and two Latin American countries (Spain, Chile and Costa Rica) which have similar longevity patterns. Our focus is on functional limitation and mortality risks, considering differences by gender, education and social participation. Data come from national panel surveys (EPS, CRELES, SHARE). Multistate modelling is used to estimate transition probabilities between two health states: healthy to unhealthy, unhealthy to healthy as well as the transition to death from healthy or unhealthy states, to estimate the duration of stay in a specific state (computing healthy and unhealthy life expectancies) and the effect of the selected covariates. Results show that older Costa Ricans have the smallest gender gap in life expectancy but women have a lower healthy life expectancy compared to those in Chile and Spain. Participation in social activities leads to higher healthy life expectancy among the elderly in Costa Rica and Spain, whilst there were no relevant educational differences observed in longevity in the analysed countries. To conclude: despite the different patterns observed in health transitions and survival across the three countries, social participation is associated with greater health and longevity among people of old age, with little effect coming from educational attainment. Public policies should therefore be aimed at reducing unhealthy life years and dependency at advanced ages by promoting more engagement in social activities, especially among vulnerable groups who are more likely to experience impairment from a younger age.
Ajuts:	Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad CSO2014-60113-R European Commission 864616 Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación RYC-2013-14851
Nota:	SR has received funding from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities under the FPI programme (CSO-2014- 60113-R). JS has received funding from the "Ramón y Cajal" programme (RYC-2013-14851). JS and DD are financed by R&D project"Will future elderly have any relative available to care for them? A study based on a mixed micro-simulation/ABM model (CSO2017-89721-R). Financial support was also received by the European Research Council (ERC-2019-CoG-864616, HEALIN project, PI Iñaki Permanyer) and from the Catalan Government under the CERCA Program. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Publicat a:	PloS one, Vol. 16 Núm. 3 (2021) , ISSN 1932-6203

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248179
PMID: 33711063

24 p, 1.1 MB

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