Self-Schemas and Self-Esteem Discrepancies in Subclinical Paranoia : The Essential Role of Depressive Symptoms
Monsonet, Manel (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Psicologia Clínica i de la Salut)
Ballespí Sola, Sergi (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Psicologia Clínica i de la Salut)
Sheinbaum Frank, Tamara (University of Southern California. Department of Psychology)
Valiente, Carmen (Universidad Complutense de Madrid)
Espinosa, Regina (University of Camilo José Cela. Department of Psychology)
Kwapil, Thomas Richard (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Department of Psychology)
Barrantes-Vidal, Neus (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental)

Data:	2021
Resum:	Self-concepts are being intensively investigated in relation to paranoia, but research has shown some contradictory findings. Studying subclinical phenomena in a non-clinical population should allow for a clearer understanding given that clinical confounding factors are avoided. We explored self-esteem, self-schemas, and implicit/explicit self-esteem discrepancies in three non-clinical groups with different psychopathological traits and a control group. Methods: Participants with elevated trait-paranoia (n = 41), depressive symptoms (n = 34), a combination of both traits (n = 32), and a control group (n = 71) were assessed on implicit and explicit self-esteem, self-schemas, depression, and paranoia. A dimensional approach with the total sample (n = 208) was also used to complement the information provided by the group approach. Results: All groups presented similar and positive levels of implicit self-esteem. Trait-paranoia participants had similar levels of explicit self-esteem and self-schemas compared with the control group. However, the group with a combination of trait-paranoia and depressive symptoms showed the lowest levels of positive self-schemas and self-esteem. Furthermore, this group and the control group displayed implicit/explicit self-esteem discrepancies, although in opposite directions and with different implications. The dimensional approach revealed associations of trait-paranoia and depressive symptoms with poor explicit self-esteem and self-schemas but not with implicit self-esteem. Conclusions: Trait-paranoia participants showed different self-representations depending on whether depressive symptoms were present or not. The interaction between subclinical neurotic and psychotic traits entailed a detrimental self-representation that might increase the risk for psychopathology.
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Paranoia ; Self-esteem ; Self-schemas ; Depressive symptoms ; Self-esteem discrepancies ; Implicit self-esteem
Publicat a:	Frontiers in psychiatry, Vol. 12 (march 2021) , ISSN 1664-0640

DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.623755
PMID: 33790815

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