Health profile, cardiovascular risk prevention and physical exercise in adolescents Perfil de salut, prevenció del risc cardiovascular i exercici físic en adolescents
Blasco Antón, María José (Institut Banús)
Puig, Teresa (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau)
Balada, G. (Institut Angeleta Ferrer. Sant Cugat del Vallès)
Gich, Ignasi (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau)
Hernández, H. (Institut Montserrat Roig. Sant Andreu de la Barca)
Parra, Mireia (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona)
Serra-Grima, Ricard (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona)

Data:	2021
Resum:	The objective of this paper was to ascertain health profile and cardiovascular risk prevention by means of the personal and family background and an electrocardiogram of adolescents in order to improve the indications for doing physical exercise in schools. A descriptive, observational study was performed with a cohort of pupils from state and private schools. Sample: 1391 adolescents (667 boys and 724 girls). Methodology: descriptive, observational study. Structured questionnaire about the family and personal background of physical exercise and risk factors and the performance of an electrocardiogram. Results. Physical exercise of between two and five hours a week was performed by 45% of the boys and 47% of the girls and for more than five hours by 39. 7% and 23%, respectively. Symptoms: isolated palpitations (23. 7% boys and 39. 1% girls), dizziness and/or transient loss of consciousness without consequences (7. 3% and 13. 8%, respectively), some type of controlled cardiac pathology (4. 2% boys and 2. 1% girls). In the electrocardiograms, 59 presented unspecific repolarisation alterations and nine an incomplete right bundle branch block, with heart disease being ruled out in all of them. Risk factors detected: arterial hypertension (2. 3%), hypercholesterolaemia (7. 3%), diabetes (2. 3%), pre-obese (7. 6% boys and 6. 5% girls), obesity (2. 2% and 1. 5%, respectively) and smokers of more than six cigarettes a day (1. 2% boys and 2. 2% girls). Conclusion. The information from the pupils about their personal and family background and cardiovascular history, the electrocardiogram and their level of physical activity makes it possible to carry out a health education programme that will help to improve eating habits, perform physical activity and eliminate bad and unhealthy habits.
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, i la comunicació pública de l'obra, sempre que no sigui amb finalitats comercials, i sempre que es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original. No es permet la creació d'obres derivades.
Llengua:	Català
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Adolescence ; Cardiovascular risk ; Electrocardiogram ; Physical exercise ; Primary prevention
Publicat a:	Apunts. Educacion Fisica y Deportes, Núm. 144 (abril 2021) , p. 18-24, ISSN 2014-0983

DOI: 10.5672/APUNTS.2014-0983.ES.(2021/2).144.03

7 p, 246.9 KB

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