Role of silicon in the development of complex crystal shapes in coccolithophores
Langer, Gerald (Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom)
Taylor, Alison R. (University of North Carolina Wilmington. Department of Biology and Marine Biology)
Walker, Charlotte E. (Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom)
Meyer, Erin M. (University of North Carolina Wilmington. Department of Biology and Marine Biology)
Ben Joseph, Oz (Weizmann Institute of Science. Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences (Israel))
Gal, Assaf (Weizmann Institute of Science. Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences (Israel))
Harper, Glenn M. (University of Plymouth. Plymouth Electron Microscopy Centre)
Probert, Ian (Centre national de la recherche scientifique (França). Station Biologique de Roscoff)
Brownlee, Colin (Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom)
Wheeler, Glen (Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom)
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. SGR - Grup de Recerca Marine and Environmental Biogeosciences Research Group - MERS

Data:	2021
Descripció:	13 pàg.
Resum:	The development of calcification by the coccolithophores had a profound impact on ocean carbon cycling, but the evolutionary steps leading to the formation of these complex biomineralized structures are not clear. Heterococcoliths consisting of intricately shaped calcite crystals are formed intracellularly by the diploid life cycle phase. Holococcoliths consisting of simple rhombic crystals can be produced by the haploid life cycle stage but are thought to be formed extracellularly, representing an independent evolutionary origin of calcification. We use advanced microscopy techniques to determine the nature of coccolith formation and complex crystal formation in coccolithophore life cycle stages. We find that holococcoliths are formed in intracellular compartments in a similar manner to heterococcoliths. However, we show that silicon is not required for holococcolith formation and that the requirement for silicon in certain coccolithophore species relates specifically to the process of crystal morphogenesis in heterococcoliths. We therefore propose an evolutionary scheme in which the lower complexity holococcoliths represent an ancestral form of calcification in coccolithophores. The subsequent recruitment of a silicon-dependent mechanism for crystal morphogenesis in the diploid life cycle stage led to the emergence of the intricately shaped heterococcoliths, enabling the formation of the elaborate coccospheres that underpin the ecological success of coccolithophores.
Ajuts:	European Commission 670390
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Biomineralization ; Calcification ; Coccolith ; Coccolithophore ; Evolution ; Silicon
Publicat a:	The new phytologist, Vol. 231, issue 5 (September 2021) , p. 1845-1857, ISSN 1469-8137

DOI: 10.1111/nph.17230
PMID: 33483994

13 p, 2.0 MB

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