New quantitative analyses of the Nacholapithecus kerioi proximal ulna confirm morphological affinities with Equatorius and large papionins
Pina, Marta (Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont)
Nakatsukasa, Masato (Kyoto University. Laboratory of Physical Anthropology)

Data:	2024
Resum:	Objectives: The elbow of Nacholapithecus has been extensively described qualitatively, however its ulnar morphology has never been the focus of an in-depth quantitative analysis before. Hence, our main aim is quantifying the proximal ulnar morphology in Nacholapithecus and exploring whether it is similar to those of Equatorius and Griphopithecus as previously reported. Materials and Methods: We compared Nacholapithecus proximal ulnar morphology with a sample of extant and extinct anthropoids through principal component analysis and agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis. Moreover, we calculated the Cophenetic Correlation Coefficient and checked for taxonomical group mean differences through MANOVA and pairwise post-hoc comparisons, as well as the phylogenetic signal in the variables used. Results: The Nacholapithecus ulna displays a moderately long and relatively narrow olecranon, a relatively wide trochlear surface-radial notch width, and a relatively thin sigmoid notch depth. These features resemble those of large papionins and chimpanzees, and some extinct taxa, mainly Equatorius. Discussion: Results presented here reinforce previous inferences on the functional morphology of the Nacholapithecus elbow, showing adaptations for general quadrupedal behaviors. However, other derived features (e. g. , a relatively wide trochlear surface) might be associated with the ape-like traits described for its distal humerus (e. g. , wide trochlear groove), thus displaying a combination of primitive and derived features in the proximal ulna. Finally, affinities with large papionins could suggest the presence of some terrestrial habits in Nacholapithecus. However, the lack of evidence in the rest of the skeleton prevents us from suggesting terrestrial affinities in this taxon in a conclusive manner.
Ajuts:	European Commission 837966 Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca 2022/BP-00265 European Commission 801370 Generalitat de Catalunya CLT009/18/00071 Generalitat de Catalunya CLT0009_22_000018
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Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió acceptada per publicar
Matèria:	Elbow ; Functional morphology ; Hominoids ; Miocene ; Kenya
Publicat a:	American Journal of Biological Anthropology, (July 2024) , art. e25000, ISSN 2692-7691

DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.25000

Postprint 54 p, 3.7 MB

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