Exposure to secondhand and thirdhand smoke in private vehicles : Measurements in air and dust samples
Continente, Xavier (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau)
Henderson, Elisabet (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau)
López-González, L. (Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona)
Fernández, Esteve (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge)
Tigova, Olena (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge)
Semple, Sean (University of Stirling (UNISTIR))
O'donnell, R. (University of Stirling (UNISTIR))
Navas-Acien, Ana (Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health)
Cortés-Francisco, Nuria (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau)
Ramírez, N. (Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili)
Dobson, Ruaraidh (University of Stirling (UNISTIR))
López Medina, María José (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau)
Castellano, Yolanda (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge)
Fu, Marcela (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge)
Ballbè, Montse (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge)
Amalia, Beladenta (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge)
Arechavala, Teresa (Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona)
Gallus, Silvano (IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (Gènova, Itàlia))
Lugo, Alessandra (IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (Gènova, Itàlia))
Liu, X. (IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (Gènova, Itàlia))
Borroni, E. (IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (Gènova, Itàlia))
Stival, C. (IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (Gènova, Itàlia))
Colombo, Paolo (Istituto DOXA. Worldwide Independent Network/Gallup International Association)
Clancy, Luke (TobaccoFree Research Institute Ireland (TFRI))
Keogan, Sheila (TobaccoFree Research Institute Ireland (TFRI))
Byrne, H. (TobaccoFree Research Institute Ireland (TFRI))
Behrakis, Panagiotis (Hellenic Cancer Society - George D. Behrakis Research Lab (HCS))
Tzortzi, Anna S. (Hellenic Cancer Society - George D. Behrakis Research Lab (HCS))
Vardavas, C. (Hellenic Cancer Society - George D. Behrakis Research Lab (HCS))
Vyzikidou, Vergina Konstantina (Hellenic Cancer Society - George D. Behrakis Research Lab (HCS))
Bakelas, G. (Hellenic Cancer Society - George D. Behrakis Research Lab (HCS))
Mattiampa, G. (Hellenic Cancer Society - George D. Behrakis Research Lab (HCS))
Boffi, Roberto (Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori)
Ruprecht, A. (Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori)
De Marco, Cinzia (Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori)
Borgini, Alessandro (Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori)
Veronese, Chiara (Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori)
Bertoldi, M. (Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori)
Tittarelli, Andrea (Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori)
Gorini, Giuseppe (Istituto per lo Studio. la Prevenzione e la Rete Oncologica (ISPRO))
Carreras, Giulia (Istituto per lo Studio. la Prevenzione e la Rete Oncologica (ISPRO))
Cortini, B. (Istituto per lo Studio. la Prevenzione e la Rete Oncologica (ISPRO))
Verdi, S. (Istituto per lo Studio. la Prevenzione e la Rete Oncologica (ISPRO))
Lachi, Alessio (Istituto per lo Studio. la Prevenzione e la Rete Oncologica (ISPRO))
Chellini, Elisabetta (Istituto per lo Studio. la Prevenzione e la Rete Oncologica (ISPRO))
López Nicolás, Á. (Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena)
Trapero-Bertran, M. (Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena)
Celdrán Guerrero, D. (Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena)
Radu-Loghin, C. (European Network on Smoking and Tobacco Prevention (ENSP))
Nguyen, D. (European Network on Smoking and Tobacco Prevention (ENSP))
Starchenko, P. (European Network on Smoking and Tobacco Prevention (ENSP))
Soriano, Joan B. (Hospital Universitario La Princesa (IISP))
Ancochea, Julio (Hospital Universitario La Princesa (IISP))
Alonso Pérez, Tamara (Hospital Universitario La Princesa (IISP))
Pastor, M.T. (Hospital Universitario La Princesa (IISP))
Erro, M. (Hospital Universitario La Princesa (IISP))
Roca, A. (Hospital Universitario La Princesa (IISP))
Pérez, P. (Hospital Universitario La Princesa (IISP))
Castillo, E.G. (Hospital Universitario La Princesa (IISP))
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Date:	2023
Abstract:	This study aimed to estimate airborne nicotine concentrations and nicotine, cotinine, and tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) in settled dust from private cars in Spain and the UK. We measured vapor-phase nicotine concentrations in a convenience sample of 45 private cars from Spain (N = 30) and the UK (N = 15) in 2017-2018. We recruited non-smoking drivers (n = 20), smoking drivers who do not smoke inside the car (n = 15), and smoking drivers who smoke inside (n = 10). Nicotine, cotinine, and three TSNAs (NNK, NNN, NNA) were also measured in settled dust in a random subsample (n = 20). We computed medians and interquartile ranges (IQR) of secondhand smoke (SHS) and thirdhand smoke (THS) compounds according to the drivers' profile. 24-h samples yielded median airborne nicotine concentrations below the limit of quantification (LOQ) (IQR: <LOQ - <LOQ) in non-smokers' cars, 0. 23 μg/m (IQR:0. 18-0. 45) in cars of smokers not smoking inside, and 3. 53 μg/m, (IQR:1. 74-6. 38) in cars of smokers smoking inside (p < 0. 001). Nicotine concentrations measured only while travelling increased to 21. 44 μg/m (IQR:6. 60-86. 15) in cars of smokers smoking inside. THS concentrations were higher in all cars of smokers, and specially in cars of drivers smoking inside (nicotine: 38. 9 μg/g (IQR:19. 3-105. 7); NNK: 28. 5 ng/g (IQR:26. 6-70. 2); NNN: 23. 7 ng/g (IQR:14. 3-55. 3)), THS concentrations being up to six times those in non-smokers' cars. All cars of smokers had measurable SHS and THS pollution, the exposure levels markedly higher in vehicles of drivers where smoking took place. Our results evidence the need for policies to prohibit smoking in vehicles, but also urge for more comprehensive strategies aiming towards the elimination of tobacco consumption.
Rights:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, i la comunicació pública de l'obra, sempre que no sigui amb finalitats comercials, i sempre que es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original. No es permet la creació d'obres derivades.
Language:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Subject:	Airborne nicotine ; Automobile ; Dust ; Thirdhand smoke ; Tobacco smoke pollution ; Tobacco-specific nitrosamines
Published in:	Environmental research, Vol. 235 (15 2023) , p. 116681, ISSN 1096-0953

DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116681
PMID: 37474087

5 p, 462.0 KB

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Research literature > UAB research groups literature > Research Centres and Groups (research output) > Health sciences and biosciences > Institut de Recerca Sant Pau
Articles > Research articles
Articles > Published articles