Divergent sensory and immune gene evolution in sea turtles with contrasting demographic and life histories
Bentley, Blair P. (University of Massachusetts. Department of Environmental Conservation)
Carrasco-Valenzuela, Tomás (Berlin Center for Genomics in Biodiversity Research)
Ramos, Elisa K. S. (University of Campinas. Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology)
Pawar, Harvinder (Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (UPF-CSIC) (Barcelona))
Souza Arantes, Larissa (Berlin Center for Genomics in Biodiversity Research)
Alexander, Alana (University of Otago. Department of Anatomy)
Banerjee, Shreya M. (University of Massachusetts. Department of Environmental Conservation)
Masterson, Patrick (National Center for Biotechnology Information)
Kuhlwilm, Martin (University of Vienna. Department of Evolutionary Anthropology)
Pippel, Martin (Center for Systems Biology)
Mountcastle, Jacquelyn (The Rockefeller University)
Haase, Bettina (The Rockefeller University)
Uliano da Silva, Marcela (Berlin Center for Genomics in Biodiversity Research)
Formenti, Giulio (The Rockefeller University)
Howe, Kerstin (Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (Regne Unit))
Chow, William (Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (Regne Unit))
Tracey, Alan (Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (Regne Unit))
Sims, Ying (Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (Regne Unit))
Pelan, Sarah (Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (Regne Unit))
Wood, Jonathan (Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (Regne Unit))
Yetsko, Kelsey (University of Florida)
Perrault, Justin R. (Loggerhead Marinelife Center)
Stewart, Kelly (The Ocean Foundation)
Benson, Scott R. (Moss Landing Marine Laboratories)
Levy, Yaniv (University of Haifa. Department of Marine Biology)
Todd, Erica V. (Deakin University)
Shaffer, Howard Bradley (University of California)
Scott, Peter (West Texas A&M University)
Henen, Brian T. (Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center)
Murphy, Robert W. (Centre for Biodiversity Royal Ontario Museum)
Mohr, David W. (Johns Hopkins University)
Scott, Alan F. (Johns Hopkins University)
Duffy, David J. (University of Florida. Department of Biology)
Gemmell, Neil J. (University of Otago. Department of Anatomy)
Suh, Alexander (Uppsala University)
Winkler, Sylke (The Rockefeller University)
Thibaud-Nissen, Françoise (National Library of Medicine)
Nery, Mariana F. (State University of Campinas. Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology)
Marquès i Bonet, Tomàs 1975- (Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont)
Antunes, Agostinho (University of Porto. Department of Biology)
Tikochinski, Yaron (Ruppin Academic Center)
Dutton, Peter H. (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration)
Fedrigo, Olivier (The Rockefeller University)
Myers, Eugene W. (Technical University Dresden)
Jarvis, Erich (The Rockefeller University)
Mazzoni, Camila J. (Berlin Center for Genomics in Biodiversity Research)
Komoroske, Lisa M. (University of Massachusetts. Department of Environmental Conservation)

Data:	2023
Resum:	Sea turtles represent an ancient lineage of marine vertebrates that evolved from terrestrial ancestors over 100 Mya. The genomic basis of the unique physiological and ecological traits enabling these species to thrive in diverse marine habitats remains largely unknown. Additionally, many populations have drastically declined due to anthropogenic activities over the past two centuries, and their recovery is a high global conservation priority. We generated and analyzed high-quality reference genomes for the leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) and green (Chelonia mydas) turtles, representing the two extant sea turtle families. These genomes are highly syntenic and homologous, but localized regions of noncollinearity were associated with higher copy numbers of immune, zinc-finger, and olfactory receptor (OR) genes in green turtles, with ORs related to waterborne odorants greatly expanded in green turtles. Our findings suggest that divergent evolution of these key gene families may underlie immunological and sensory adaptations assisting navigation, occupancy of neritic versus pelagic environments, and diet specialization. Reduced collinearity was especially prevalent in microchromosomes, with greater gene content, heterozygosity, and genetic distances between species, supporting their critical role in vertebrate evolutionary adaptation. Finally, diversity and demographic histories starkly contrasted between species, indicating that leatherback turtles have had a low yet stable effective population size, exhibit extremely low diversity compared with other reptiles, and harbor a higher genetic load compared with green turtles, reinforcing concern over their persistence under future climate scenarios. These genomes provide invaluable resources for advancing our understanding of evolution and conservation best practices in an imperiled vertebrate lineage.
Ajuts:	Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca FI_B100131 "la Caixa" Foundation 100010434 European Commission 663830
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, i la comunicació pública de l'obra, sempre que no sigui amb finalitats comercials, i sempre que es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original. No es permet la creació d'obres derivades.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Publicat a:	Proceedings of the national academy of sciences, Vol. 120, Issue 7 (February 2023) , art. e2201076120

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2201076120
PMID: 36749728

12 p, 3.9 MB

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