Evaluation of serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation in dogs seropositive for various vector-borne pathogens
Jornet-Rius, Oriol (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals)
Chornarm, Nida (Colorado State University)
Skeldon, Niki (Axiom Veterinary Laboratories Ltd)
McGrew, Ashley (Colorado State University)
Lappin, Michael R (Colorado State University)
Solano Gallego, Laia (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals)
Moore, A Russell (Colorado State University)

Data:	2024
Resum:	Canine vector-borne diseases (VBDs) induce non-specific dysproteinemias, detectable by serum protein electrophoresis (SPE). VBDs have been reported to induce a monoclonal gammopathy pattern. Monoclonal gammopathies are commonly the result of paraprotein (M-protein) produced by an immunoglobulin-secreting neoplasm. The aims of this study were to characterize and compare SPE and immunofixation (IF) changes, evaluate the performance of previously identified SPE and IF interpretative criteria, and identify M-proteins in a cohort of dogs seropositive for a VBD and with an unknown history for an immunoglobulin-secreting neoplasm. A total of 143 serum samples from dogs that tested seropositive for different vector-borne pathogens were assessed by SPE. Cases with abnormal globulin fractions were further characterized by IF. Protein fraction and IF labeling results were evaluated using Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn's multiple comparisons and principal component analysis (PCA). IF was performed in 112 VBD-seropositive samples with dysproteinemia evaluated by SPE. Most (84/112, 75%) had a polyclonal expansion. Only two dogs had findings suggestive of an M-protein when considering both SPE and immunofixation. PCA clustered E. canis/A. phagocytophilum and B. gibsoni/CM. haematoparvum groups with relatively more γ-globulins than albumin and α-globulins, and the B. gibsoni/CM. haematoparvum group with more prominent IgA and IgM labeling than IgG labeling. Additionally, D. immitis clustered with more prominent β-globulins than γ-globulins and more IgG4 than IgG-FC. The previously derived interpretative criteria suggested an M-protein in very few VBD-seropositive dogs. PCA identified SPE and immunofixation pattern differences between dogs seropositive for different infectious agents.
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Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Dirofilaria spp ; Dysproteinemia ; Ehrlichia spp ; Infectious disease ; Leishmania spp ; Monoclonal gammopathy ; M-protein ; Neoplasia ; Paraproteinemia
Publicat a:	Veterinary clinical pathology, Vol. 53 (november 2024) , p. 420-430, ISSN 1939-165X

DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13399
PMID: 39528734

11 p, 1.5 MB

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