Risk Factors and Long-Term Outcomes in Horses After the 2021 Outbreak of Equine Herpesvirus 1 Myeloencephalopathy, Valencia, Spain
de la Cuesta-Torrado, María (Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera. Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal)
Velloso Alvarez, Ana (Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera. Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal)
Santiago-Llorente, Isabel (Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Hospital Clínico Veterinario)
Armengou Ruiz, Lara (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Fundació Hospital Clínic Veterinari)
Nieto, Federico (Equihealth Veterinarios)
Ríos, José (Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer)
Cruz-López, Fátima (Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria (VISAVET))
José Cunilleras, Eduard (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals)

Data:	2025
Resum:	Equine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy (EHM) is a persistent threat to horses, with unclear risk factors and disease severity. To evaluate risk factors, effective reproduction rate (Rt), and long-term athletic outcomes of an EHM outbreak. Retrospective study of the 2021 EHM outbreak in Valencia, Spain, examining associations between risk factors (sex, age, breed, country of origin, and vaccination status) and case fatality rate, EHM development, and odds of returning to competition using odds ratios [95% CI] and Rt via the Robert Kochs Institute method. Among 191 horses, 38 (20%) were clinically normal, 13 (7%) were subclinical, and 140 (73%) presented clinical signs (89 EHM, 64%). One hundred sixty horses were isolated at the show, while 47 were treated in hospitals. The mean age was 9. 8 ± 3. 0 years; 85 (45%) were mares, 79 (41%) geldings, and 27 (14%) stallions. The EHM case fatality rate was 11/89 (12%). Vaccination was associated with EHM development (4. 54[2. 23-9. 27]; OR[95% CI]; p < 0. 001) and case fatality rate (3. 9[1. 1-14. 4]; OR[95% CI]; p < 0. 043). EHV-1-infected horses without EHM were more likely to return to competition (54/61; 89%) than those recovering from EHM (65/89; 73%; p = 0. 024). It was initially 4. 2 and decreased to < 1 within 2 weeks of the outbreak. During the 2021 EHV-1 outbreak in Valencia, vaccination status appears to be associated with EHM development. Horses recovering from EHM had slightly lower chances of returning to competition than those shedding EHV-1 without EHM. The high R value underscores the contagious nature of EHV-1.
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	EHV-1 ; Horse ; Quarantine ; Risk factor ; Vaccine
Publicat a:	Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Vol. 39 (March 2025) , art. e70040, ISSN 1939-1676

DOI: 10.1111/jvim.70040
PMID: 40055829

11 p, 702.9 KB

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