Evaluation of the Dose of African Swine Fever Virus Required to Establish Infection in Pigs Following Oral Uptake
Olesen, Ann Sofie (Statens Serum Institut)
Lazov, Christina Marie (University of Copenhagen. Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences)
Accensi Alemany, Francesc (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Sanitat i d'Anatomia Animals)
Johnston, Camille Melissa (Statens Serum Institut)
Rasmussen, Thomas Bruun (Statens Serum Institut)
Bøtner, Anette (University of Copenhagen. Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences)
Lohse, Louise (Statens Serum Institut)
Belsham, Graham J. (University of Copenhagen. Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences)

Data:	2025
Resum:	African swine fever virus (ASFV) is known to be very stable within a protein-rich environment and indirect virus transmission can be mediated via oral uptake of different materials. However, experimental studies in pigs have shown that infection by ASFV via the oral route can be difficult to establish. Currently, there is a lack of studies using strict oral inoculations of pigs with different doses of ASFV. Therefore, we aimed to determine the dose of a European genotype II ASFV that is required to establish infection of pigs by the oral route. In this study, 24 pigs were divided into four groups of six. Three of the groups were fed with a low, medium or high dose of the ASFV POL/2015/Podlaskie virus. The pigs in the fourth group served as positive controls and were inoculated intranasally, just once, using the low dose of the virus. All the pigs inoculated intranasally with ASFV succumbed to the infection, while only three of the six pigs that were fed the high dose of the virus became infected. None of the 12 pigs that were fed with either the medium or low dose of the virus became infected, despite receiving up to thirteen doses each. In two of the pigs infected by intranasal inoculation, the presence of a variant form of the ASFV genome was detected. The results obtained in this study underline that ASFV infection is more difficult to establish via the oral route when compared to the intranasal route. The high dose needed in order to establish oral infection could have implications for future strategies using baited vaccines containing infectious live-attenuated ASFV.
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	ASFV ; Dosing study ; Feeding ; Transmission ; Oral uptake
Publicat a:	Pathogens, Vol. 14 (January 2025) , art. 119, ISSN 2076-0817

DOI: 10.3390/pathogens14020119
PMID: 40005496

15 p, 2.2 MB

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