Incidence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes : A Study Using Real-World Data
Hernández-Teixidó, Carlos (Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol)
Barrot de la Puente, Joan (Institut Català de la Salut)
Miravet Jiménez, S. (Institut Català de la Salut)
Fernández-Camins, Berta (Institut de Recerca Sant Pau)
Mauricio Puente, Dídac (Institut de Recerca Sant Pau)
Romero Aroca, P. (Institut de Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili)
Vlacho, B. (Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (Barcelona, Catalunya))
Franch-Nadal, J. (Institut Català de la Salut)
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Date:	2024
Abstract:	Background/Objectives: This study aimed to assess the incidence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) treated in primary-care settings in Catalonia, Spain, and identify key risk factors associated with DR development. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the SIDIAP (System for Research and Development in Primary Care) database. Patients aged 30-90 with T2DM who underwent retinal screening between 2010 and 2015 were included. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to assess the impact of clinical variables, including HbA1c levels, diabetes duration, and comorbidities, on DR incidence. Results: This study included 146,506 patients, with a mean follow-up time of 6. 96 years. During this period, 4. 7% of the patients developed DR, resulting in an incidence rate of 6. 99 per 1000 person-years. Higher HbA1c levels were strongly associated with an increased DR risk, with patients with HbA1c > 10% having more than four times the risk compared to those with HbA1c levels < 7% (hazard ratio: 4. 23; 95% CI: 3. 90-4. 58). Other significant risk factors for DR included greater diabetes duration, male sex, ex-smoker status, macrovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. In contrast, obesity appeared to be a protective factor against DR, with an HR of 0. 93 (95% CI: 0. 89-0. 98). Conclusions: In our real-world setting, the incidence rate of DR was 6. 99 per 1000 person-years. Poor glycemic control, especially HbA1c > 10%, and prolonged diabetes duration were key risk factors. Effective management of these factors is crucial in preventing DR progression. Regular retinal screenings in primary care play a vital role in early detection and reducing the DR burden for T2DM patients.
Rights:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Language:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Subject:	Diabetic retinopathy ; Incidence ; Microvascular complications ; Primary care ; Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Published in:	Journal of clinical medicine, Vol. 13 Núm. 23 (december 2024) , p. 7083, ISSN 2077-0383

DOI: 10.3390/jcm13237083
PMID: 39685542

11 p, 826.3 KB

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