Viral shedding and environmental dispersion of two clade 2.3.4.4b H5 high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses in experimentally infected mule ducks : implications for environmental sampling
Filaire, Fabien (LanXess Group. THESEO France)
Bertran, Kateri (Unitat mixta d'investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal. Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal)
Gaide, Nicolas (Université de Toulouse)
Valle, Rosa (Unitat mixta d'investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal. Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal)
Secula, Aurélie (Université de Toulouse)
Perlas Puente, Albert (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Sanitat i d'Anatomia Animals)
Foret-Lucas, Charlotte (Université de Toulouse)
Nofrarías Espadamala, Miquel (Unitat mixta d'investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal. Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal)
Cantero, Guillermo (Unitat mixta d'investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal. Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal)
Croville, Guillaume (Université de Toulouse)
Majó i Masferrer, Natàlia (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Sanitat i d'Anatomia Animals)
Guerin, Jean-Luc (Université de Toulouse)

Date:	2024
Abstract:	High pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) have caused major epizootics in recent years, with devastating consequences for poultry and wildlife worldwide. Domestic and wild ducks can be highly susceptible to HPAIVs, and infection leads to efficient viral replication and massive shedding (i. e. , high titres for an extended time), contributing to widespread viral dissemination. Importantly, ducks are known to shed high amounts of virus in the earliest phase of infection, but the dynamics and impact of environmental contamination on the epidemiology of HPAIV outbreaks are poorly understood. In this study, we monitored mule ducks experimentally infected with two H5N8 clade 2. 3. 4. 4b goose/Guangdong HPAIVs sampled in France in 2016-2017 and 2020-2021 epizootics. We investigated viral shedding dynamics in the oropharynx, cloaca, conjunctiva, and feathers; bird-to-bird viral transmission; and the role of the environment in viral spread and as a source of samples for early detection and surveillance. Our findings showed that viral shedding started before the onset of clinical signs, i. e. , as early as 1 day post-inoculation (dpi) or post-contact exposure, peaked at 4 dpi, and lasted for up to 14 dpi. The detection of viral RNA in aerosols, dust, and water samples mirrored viral shedding dynamics, and viral isolation from these environmental samples was successful throughout the experiment. Our results confirm that mule ducks can shed high HPAIV titres through the four excretion routes tested (oropharyngeal, cloacal, conjunctival, and feather) while being asymptomatic and that environmental sampling could be a non-invasive tool for early viral RNA detection in HPAIV-infected farms.
Grants:	Agencia Estatal de Investigación RYC2021-033472-I
Note:	The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13567-024-01357-z.
Rights:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, sempre que no sigui amb finalitats comercials, i sempre que es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Language:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Subject:	Viral shedding ; HPAIV ; Aerosol ; Dust ; Environment ; Surveillance
Published in:	Veterinary research, Vol. 55 (august 2024) , ISSN 1297-9716

DOI: 10.1186/s13567-024-01357-z
PMID: 39135123

12 p, 2.5 MB

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Research literature > UAB research groups literature > Research Centres and Groups (research output) > Health sciences and biosciences > Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA-IRTA)
Articles > Research articles
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