Temporal trends and social inequities in adolescent and young adult mental health disorders in Catalonia, Spain : a 2008-2022 primary care cohort study
Lozano-Sánchez, Ana (Universitat Rovira i Virgili)
Aragonès, Enric (Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol)
López-Jiménez, Tomàs (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona)
Bennett, Matthew (Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Departament d'Antropologia, Filosofia i Treball Social)
Evangelidou, Stella (Institut de Salut Global de Barcelona)
Francisco, Esther (Hospital Sant Joan de Déu)
García, Myriam (Hospital Sant Joan de Déu)
Malgosa Gasol, Estel (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament d'Antropologia Social i Cultural)
Codern-Bové, Núria (Escola Universitària d'Infermeria i Teràpia Ocupacional de Terrassa)
Guzmán-Molina, Claudia (Institut Català de la Salut. Equip d'Atenció Primària d'Artesa de Segre)
Jacques-Aviñó, Constanza (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona)

Data:	2024
Resum:	The prevalence of mental health disorders in children, teens, and young adults is rising at an alarming rate. This study aims to explore time trends in the incidence of mental disorders among young people in Catalonia, Spain from 2008 to 2022, focusing on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and from the perspective of social inequities. A cohort study using primary care records from the SIDIAP database was conducted. It included 2,088,641 individuals aged 10 to 24 years. We examined the incidence of depressive, anxiety, eating, and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders, stratified by sex, age, deprivation, and nationality. All disorders reflected an increasing trend throughout the study period: depressive disorders (IRR: 2. 44, 95% CI: 2. 31-2. 59), anxiety disorders (IRR: 2. 33, 95% CI: 2. 27-2. 39), ADHD (IRR: 2. 33, 95%CI: 2. 17-2. 50), and eating disorders (IRR: 3. 29, 95% CI: 3. 01-3. 59). A significant increase in incidence was observed after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2022, anxiety disorders were most frequent, with an incidence rate (IR) of 2,537 per 100,000 persons-year (95% CI: 2,503-2,571). Depressive disorders followed with an IR of 471 (95% CI: 458-486), ADHD with an IR of 306 (95% CI: 295-317) and eating disorders with an IR of 249 (95% CI: 239-259). Significant associations were reported with sex, age, deprivation, and nationality. The incidence of all studied disorders has steadily increased, reaching unprecedented levels during the pandemic. Understanding these trends is essential for an appropriate healthcare response, while addressing the non-medical determinants, requires action across all sectors of society. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10. 1186/s13034-024-00849-2.
Ajuts:	Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI22/01278
Nota:	Altres ajuts: A. L. is the recipient of an award for her doctoral thesis, which provides the funding for the publication of this article (IDIAPJGol, 2024). E. A. acknowledges support from a grant for intensification of research activity provided by IDIAP Jordi Gol (SENIOR-20/2). The funders played no part in the study's design, data collection, analysis, interpretation, manuscript preparation or review, nor in the decision to submit the article for publication.
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Adolescents and young people ; Mental health disorders ; Incidence ; Social inequities ; Gender inequities ; Cohort study
Publicat a:	Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, Vol. 18, art. 159 (december 2024) , ISSN 1753-2000

DOI: 10.1186/s13034-024-00849-2
PMID: 39695666

13 p, 1.8 MB

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