The link between ultra-processed food consumption, fecal microbiota, and metabolomic profiles in older mediterranean adults at high cardiovascular risk
Atzeni, Alessandro (Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona. Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili)
Hernández-Cacho, Adrián (Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona. Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili)
Khoury, Nadine (Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona. Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili)
Babio, Nancy (Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona. Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili)
Belzer, Clara (Wageningen University (Holanda))
Vioque, Jesús (Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche)
Corella, Dolores (University of Valencia. Department of Preventive Medicine)
Fitó, Montserrat (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques)
Clish, Clary (The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard (Boston, Estats Units d'Amèrica))
Vidal, Josep (Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer)
Konstanti, Prokopis (Wageningen University)
Gonzales-Palacios, Sandra (Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche)
Coltell, Oscar (Universitat Jaume I)
Goday Arnó, Albert (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona)
Moreno Indias, Isabel (Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria (Màlaga, Andalusia))
Carlos Chillerón, Silvia (Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra)
Ruiz-Canela, Miguel (Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra)
Tinahones, Francisco J. (Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria (Màlaga, Andalusia))
Hu, Frank B. (Harvard Medical School)
Salas-Salvadó, Jordi (Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili)

Data:	2025
Resum:	Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption has been linked to adverse metabolic outcomes, potentially mediated by alterations in gut microbiota and metabolite production. This study aims to explore the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between NOVA-classified UPF consumption, fecal microbiota, and fecal metabolome in a population of Mediterranean older adults at high cardiovascular risk. A total of 385 individuals, aged between 55 and 75 years, were included in the study. Dietary and lifestyle information, anthropometric measurements, and stool samples were collected at baseline and after 1-year follow-up. Fecal microbiota and metabolome were assessed using 16 S rRNA sequencing and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. At baseline, higher UPF consumption was associated with lower abundance of Ruminococcaceae incertae sedis (β = - 0. 275, P = 0. 047) and lower concentrations of the metabolites propionylcarnitine (β = - 0. 0003, P = 0. 013) and pipecolic acid (β = - 0. 0003, P = 0. 040) in feces. Longitudinally, increased UPF consumption was linked to reduced abundance of Parabacteroides spp. after a 1-year follow-up (β = - 0. 278, P = 0. 002). High UPF consumption was associated with less favorable gut microbiota and metabolite profiles, suggesting a possible link to reduced short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, altered mitochondrial energy metabolism, and impaired amino acid metabolism. These findings support the reduction of UPF consumption and the promotion of dietary patterns rich in fiber for better gut health. Further research is needed to confirm these associations and clarify the underlying mechanisms. : ISRCTN89898870 (10. 1186/ISRCTN89898870). The online version contains supplementary material available at 10. 1186/s12937-025-01125-5.
Ajuts:	Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad PI13/00233 Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad PI13/00728 Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad PI13/00462 Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad PI14/01206 Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad PI14/00696 Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad PI16/00533 Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad PI16/00366 Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad PI16/00501 Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI17/01441 Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI17/00855 Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI19/00017 Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI19/00781 Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI19/00576 Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI20/00557 "la Caixa" Foundation 2013ACUP00194
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, i la comunicació pública de l'obra, sempre que no sigui amb finalitats comercials, i sempre que es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original. No es permet la creació d'obres derivades.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Ultra-processed foods ; Fecal microbiota ; Fecal metabolites ; Mediterranean diet ; Cardiovascular disease
Publicat a:	Nutrition Journal, Vol. 24 (april 2025) , ISSN 1475-2891

DOI: 10.1186/s12937-025-01125-5
PMID: 40247349

13 p, 1.7 MB

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