Impact of Host Genetics and Biological Response Modifiers on Respiratory Tract Infections
Lacoma, Alicia (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia)
Mateo, Lourdes (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Medicina)
Blanco Guillermo, Ignacio (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol)
Méndez, María Jesús (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Pediatria, Obstetrícia i Ginecologia i Medicina Preventiva i Salut Pública)
Rodrigo Gonzalo de Líria, Carlos (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Pediatria, Obstetrícia i Ginecologia i Medicina Preventiva i Salut Pública)
Latorre, Irene (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia)
Villar-Hernandez, Raquel (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol)
Domínguez, José (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol)
Prat i Aymerich, Cristina (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia)

Date:	2019
Abstract:	Host susceptibility to respiratory tract infections (RTI) is dependent on both genetic and acquired risk factors. Repeated bacterial and viral RTI, such as pneumonia from encapsulated microorganisms, respiratory tract infections related to respiratory syncytial virus or influenza, and even the development of bronchiectasis and asthma, are often reported as the first symptom of primary immunodeficiencies. In the same way, neutropenia is a well-known risk factor for invasive aspergillosis, as well as lymphopenia for Pneumocystis, and mycobacterial infections. However, in the last decades a better knowledge of immune signaling networks and the introduction of next generation sequencing have increased the number and diversity of known inborn errors of immunity. On the other hand, the use of monoclonal antibodies targeting cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha has revealed new risk groups for infections, such as tuberculosis. The use of biological response modifiers has spread to almost all medical specialties, including inflammatory diseases and neoplasia, and are being used to target different signaling networks that may mirror some of the known immune deficiencies. From a clinical perspective, the individual contribution of genetics, and/or targeted treatments, to immune dysregulation is difficult to assess. The aim of this article is to review the known and newly described mechanisms of impaired immune signaling that predispose to RTI, including new insights into host genetics and the impact of biological response modifiers, and to summarize clinical recommendations regarding vaccines and prophylactic treatments in order to prevent infections.
Grants:	Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad PI 16/01912 Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI 17/01139 Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI18/00411
Rights:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Language:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Subject:	Immunogenetics ; Biological response modifiers ; Respiratory tract infections ; Primary immunodeficiencies ; Inborn errors
Published in:	Frontiers in immunology, Vol. 10 (may 2019) , ISSN 1664-3224

DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01013
PMID: 31134083

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Research literature > UAB research groups literature > Research Centres and Groups (research output) > Health sciences and biosciences > Institut d'Investigació en Ciencies de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP)
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