The Gaze Fixation Assessed by Microperimetry : A Useful Tool for the Monitoring of the Cognitive Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Ortiz-Zúñiga, Ángel Michael (Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron. Institut de Recerca)
Simó-Servat, Olga (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas)
Rojano-Toimil, Alba (Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron)
Vázquez-de Sebastián, Julia (Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron. Institut de Recerca)
Castellano-Tejedor, Carmina (Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron. Institut de Recerca)
Hernández, Cristina (Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron. Institut de Recerca)
Simó Canonge, Rafael (Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron. Institut de Recerca)
Ciudin, Andreea (Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron. Institut de Recerca)
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Data:	2021
Resum:	Current guidelines recommend annual screening for cognitive impairment in patients > 65 years with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The most used tool is the mini-mental state evaluation (MMSE). Retinal microperimetry is useful for detecting cognitive impairment in these patients, but there is no information regarding its usefulness as a monitoring tool. We aimed to explore the role of retinal microperimetry in the annual follow-up of the cognitive function of patients with T2D older than 65 years. Materials and Methods: Prospective observational study, comprising patients > 65 years with T2D, attended at our center between March-October 2019. A complete neuropsychological evaluation assessed the baseline cognitive status (mild cognitive impairment, MCI, or normal, NC). Retinal microperimetry (sensitivity, gaze fixation) and MMSE were performed at baseline and after 12 months. Results: Fifty-nine patients with MCI and 22 NC were identified. A significant decline in the MMSE score was observed after 12 months in the MCI group (25. 74 ± 0. 9 vs. 24. 71 ± 1. 4; p = 0. 001). While no significant changes in retinal sensitivity were seen, all gaze-fixation parameters worsened at 12 months and significantly correlated with a decrease in the MMSE scores. Conclusion: Retinal microperimetry is useful for the monitoring of cognitive decline in patients > 65 years with T2D. Gaze fixation seems a more sensitive parameter for follow-up after 12 months than retinal sensitivity.
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Type 2 diabetes ; Retinal microperimetry ; Cognitive impairment
Publicat a:	Journal of personalized medicine, Vol. 11 (july 2021) , ISSN 2075-4426

DOI: 10.3390/jpm11080698
PMID: 34442342

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