Earliest bison dispersal in Western Palearctic : insights from the Eobison record from Pietrafitta (Early Pleistocene, central Italy)
Sorbelli, Leonardo (Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont)
Cherin, Marco (Università degli Studi di Perugia. Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia)
Kostopoulos, Dimitris S. (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Laboratory of Geology and Paleontology)
Sardella, Raffaele (Sapienza Università di Roma. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra)
Mecozzi, Beniamino (Sapienza Università di Roma. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra)
Plotnikov, Valerii V. (Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Sakha)
Prat Vericat, Maria (Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont)
Azzarà, Beatrice (Università degli Studi di Perugia. Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia)
Bartolini-Lucenti, Saverio (Università degli Studi di Firenze. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra)
Madurell-Malapeira, Joan (Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont)

Data:	2023
Resum:	The late Villafranchian is one of the pivotal timespans in the succession of Pleistocene European faunal assemblages, setting the bases for the major faunal renewal that characterized the continent during the Epivillafranchian. Bison is one of the most important and successful large mammals to spread in Europe at the latest stages of the Early Pleistocene. Here we describe the remains of a large bovid from the late Villafranchian site of Pietrafitta (ca. 1. 5 Ma), previously attributed to Leptobos. Our analyses allow to refer this sample to the genus Bison. The primitive characters featured by this sample suggest the attribution to the subgenus Eobison, a long-debated taxon which includes all the earliest forms of Bison. At Pietrafitta, thus, one of the largest and most complete record of primitive Bison is recorded. The vague diagnosis and confused taxonomic history of Eobison called for a reappraisal of its status. We present a re-definition of the diagnostic characters and a review of the Eurasian record of Eobison with a focus on the late Villafranchian samples from the Mediterranean area. We recognize at least three valid species of Eobison remarking, however, the extreme morphological variability of this group. The comparative analysis of Eobison and its closest relatives (i. e. , Leptobos and Bison s. s. ), confirms that both the leptobovine and bisontine clades underwent to an increase of stoutness of the appendicular skeleton in response to the shrinking of forested habitats and the onset of colder, arid climate during the Pleistocene.
Ajuts:	Agencia Estatal de Investigación CGL2016-76431-P Agencia Estatal de Investigación CGL2017-82654-P Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca 2020/FI_B200189
Nota:	Altres ajuts: CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, i la comunicació pública de l'obra, sempre que no sigui amb finalitats comercials, i sempre que es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original. No es permet la creació d'obres derivades.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió acceptada per publicar
Publicat a:	Quaternary science reviews, Vol. 301 (February 2023) , art. 107923, ISSN 1873-457X

DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107923

Postprint. Article 97 p, 5.2 MB

Postprint. Material suplementari 52 p, 2.3 MB

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