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| Pàgina inicial > Articles > Articles publicats > Diet quality and nutrient density in pregnant women according to adherence to Mediterranean diet |
(Universitat de Barcelona) (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu) (Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer) (Instituto de Salud Carlos III) (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Institut de Recerca contra la Leucèmia Josep Carreras) (Universitat de Barcelona) (Instituto de Salud Carlos III)| Data: | 2023 |
| Resum: | Background and aims: The dietary pattern followed during pregnancy, specifically healthy dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean diet, is a key factor in the mother's and the offspring's health. Pregnant women dietary intake is not enough to cover the micronutrient requirements of pregnancy, and higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet may improve dietary quality and nutritional density. The aim of the present study was to describe the dietary nutrient intake and diet quality during pregnancy and to evaluate whether a high adherence to Mediterranean diet was associated with a more adequate intake of micronutrients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with 1,356 pregnant women selected during the routine second trimester ultrasound scan (19-23 weeks' gestation). Energy and nutrient intake were calculated using a validated 151-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and nutrient density was estimated dividing the absolute nutrient intake by total energy intake. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated with a 17-item Mediterranean diet adherence score. The criterion used for risk of inadequate nutrient intake has been set below two thirds (2/3) of the dietary reference intakes. The differences were assessed by multivariate linear regression models adjusted for confounders. Results: A significant proportion of pregnant women had an inadequate intake of macro and micronutrient that was lower in those with high adherence to the Mediterranean diet (≥12 points, n = 122, 19%), including calcium (the Mediterranean diet high adherence 2. 5% vs. low adherence 26. 7%, p < 0. 001), magnesium (0% vs. 7. 6%, p = 0. 001), iron (24. 5% vs. 74. 1%, p < 0. 001), and vitamin B9 (0% vs. 29. 8%, p < 0. 001), vitamin C (0% vs. 1. 9%, p = 0. 033), and vitamin D (61. 5% vs. 92. 8%, p < 0. 001) intake. High adherence to Mediterranean diet was associated with higher intake of protein, monounsaturated fatty acids, fiber, vitamins (B1, B9, C, D), calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, phosphor, potassium, essential fatty acids, and α-linolenic acid, and with a lower intake of α-linoleic acid and trans fatty acids as compared to low adherence to Mediterranean diet. Conclusion: High adherence to Mediterranean diet was associated with higher diet quality and lower proportion of inadequate micro and macronutrient intake. The Mediterranean diet promotion, particularly among pregnant women, may be a useful and public health strategy to avoid overweight and nutrient deficiencies. |
| Ajuts: | Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca 2017SGR1531 Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca LCF/BQ/DR19/11740018 Instituto de Salud Carlos III 2019-02201 Instituto de Salud Carlos III AC19/00100 Instituto de Salud Carlos III JR19/00006 Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI22/00684 "la Caixa" Foundation LCF/PR/GN18/10310003 |
| Nota: | RE reports grants from the Fundación Dieta Mediterránea (Spain), and Cerveza y Salud (Spain), and personal fees for given lectures from Brewers of Europe (Belgium), the Fundación Cerveza y Salud (Spain), Pernaud-Ricard (Mexico), Instituto Cervantes (Alburquerque, United States), Instituto Cervantes (Milan, Italy), Instituto Cervantes (Tokyo, Japan), Lilly Laboratories (Spain), and the Wine and Culinary International Forum (Spain), as well as nonfinancial support for the organization of a National Congress on Nutrition and feeding trials with products from Grand Fountain and Uriach Laboratories (Spain). EG reports, during the conduct of the study, grants from La Caixa Foundation, grants from Cerebra Foundation for the Brain Injured Child, and grants from AGAUR. AN reports personal fees from La Caixa Foundation (Doctoral INPhINIT - RETAINING, fellowship LCF/BQ/DR19/11740018), during the conduct of the study. |
| Nota: | We thank the study participants for their personal time and commitment to this trial. We also thank all the medical staff, residents, midwives and nurses of BCNatal, especially Laura Segales, Marta Dacal, Maria Laura Boutet, Annachiara Basso, Marta Camacho, Marta Garcia, Mireia Pascual, and Alba Camacho from BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center, Barcelona, Spain, for their support in the recruitment, interventions and data collection of the trial; Carlos Galante from the Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain, for his support in the Mediterranean diet intervention; and Julian Lozano-Castellon, Anallely Lopez-Yerena, Ines Dominguez-Lopez, and Maria Marhuenda-Munoz from School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain for their support in the biomarkers analysis of Mediterranean diet compliance. Finally, we thank the Clinic-IDIBAPS Biobank for valuable management of samples. |
| Nota: | The project was partially funded by: a grant from "la Caixa" Foundation (LCF/PR/GN18/10310003); Cerebra Foundation for the Brain Injured Child (Carmarthen, Wales, UK); and AGAUR under grant 2017 SGR no. 1531. SC-B has received support from Universitat de Barcelona (Margarita Salas postdoctoral fellowship). ML has received support from Hospital Clínic i Provincial de Barcelona (Contractes Clínic de Recerca Emili Letang-Josep Font 2020). INSA-Ma María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence (grant CEX2021-001234-M funded by MICIN/AEI/FEDER, UE). RE has received support from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (AC19/00100), as part of the FoodPhyt project, under the umbrella of the European Joint Programming Initiative "A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life" (JPI HDHL) (2019-02201). FrC was supported by a research grant from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI22/00684). AN has received support from a fellowship from "la Caixa" Foundation, Doctoral INPhINIT - RETAINING (LCF/BQ/DR19/11740018). CP was supported by a research grant from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (JR19/00006). FáC has received support from Fundació Jesus Serra, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Instituto de Salud Carlos III (INT21/00027), and Fundació Mutua Madrileña (Spain). |
| Drets: | Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.  |
| Llengua: | Anglès |
| Document: | Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada |
| Matèria: | Mediterranean diet ; Pregnancy ; Maternal nutrition ; Nutrient density ; Diet quality ; Offspring health |
| Publicat a: | Frontiers in Public Health, Vol. 11 (2023) , p. 1144942, ISSN 2296-2565 |
