Association between integration policies and immigrants' mortality : An explorative study across three european countries
Ikram, Umar (University of Amsterdam)
Malmusi, Davide (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau)
Juel, Knud (University of Southern Denmark)
Rey, Grégoire (Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale)
Kunst, Anton E. (University of Amsterdam)
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Data:	2015
Resum:	Background To integrate immigrants into their societies, European countries have adopted different types of policies, which may influence health through both material and psychosocial determinants. Recent studies have suggested poorer health outcomes for immigrants living in countries with poorly rated integration policies. Objective To analyse mortality differences of immigrants from the same country of origin living in countries with distinct integration policy contexts. Methods From the mortality dataset collected in the Migrant Ethnic Health Observatory (MEHO) project, we chose the Netherlands (linked data from 1996-2006), France (unlinked; 2005-2007) and Denmark (linked; 1992-2001) as representatives of the inclusive, assimilationist and exclusionist policy models, respectively, based on the Migrant Integration Policy Index. We calculated for each country sex- and age-standardized mortality rates for Turkish-, Moroccan-and local-born populations aged 20-69 years. Poisson regression was used to estimate the mortality rate ratios (MRRs) for cross-country and within-country comparisons. The analyses were further stratified by age group and cause of death. Results Compared with their peers in the Netherlands, Turkish-born immigrants had higher allcause mortality in Denmark (MRR men 1. 92; 95% CI 1. 74-2. 13 and women 2. 11; 1. 80-2. 47) but lower in France (men 0. 64; 0. 59-0. 69 and women 0. 58; 0. 51-0. 67). A similar pattern emerged for Moroccan-born immigrants. The relative differences between immigrants and the local-born population were also largest in Denmark and lowest in France (e. g. , Turkishborn men MRR 1. 52; 95% CI 1. 38-1. 67 and 0. 62; 0. 58-0. 66, respectively). These patterns were consistent across all age groups, and more marked for cardiovascular diseases. Conclusions Although confounders and data comparability issues (e. g. , French cross-sectional data) may affect the findings, this study suggests that different macro-level policy contexts may influence immigrants' mortality. Comparable mortality registration systems across Europe along with detailed socio-demographic information on immigrants may help to better assess this association.
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Acculturation ; Adult ; Aged ; Community Integration ; Emigrants and Immigrants ; Europe ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mortality
Publicat a:	PloS one, Vol. 10 Núm. 6 (december 2015) , p. 129916, ISSN 1932-6203

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129916
PMID: 26067249

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