Canopy self-replacement in Pinus sylvestris rear-edge populations after drought-induced die-off
Margalef Marrasé, Jordi (Centre de Recerca Ecològica i d'Aplicacions Forestals)
Bagaria Morato, Guillem (Xarxa per a la Conservació de la Natura)
Lloret Maya, Francisco (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Biologia Animal, de Biologia Vegetal i d'Ecologia)

Títol variant:	P. sylvestris self-replacement after die-off event
Data:	2022
Resum:	In recent years, Pinus sylvestris die-off and mortality events have occurred across all its range of distribution, usually associated with recurrent droughts induced by climate change. A shift in canopy dominance towards other better adapted co-existing species can be expected, especially in populations located close to their climatic tolerance limits. Herein, we tested, along a local elevational gradient, whether canopy opening resulting from die-off and mortality favours the growth of a non-dominant co-existing tree species (Quercus pubescens) established in the sub-canopy, in comparison to P. sylvestris sub-canopy trees. We also tested whether the growth of both species is associated with local climatic suitability for these species (extracted from SDMs) or, alternatively, with direct measures of micro-climatic variables. Finally, the effect on tree growth of other micro-local factors such as competition, canopy closure and micro-topography was also tested. Sub-canopy tree growth was enhanced overall by canopy opening resulting from P. sylvestris canopy die-off, but this response was stronger in P. sylvestris trees, reinforcing the self-replacement of this species after die-off. This higher growth rate is related to modifications in the micro-local climate (higher temperatures in the wettest quarter). Conversely, Q. pubescens is less sensitive to micro-local climate conditions but it can grow faster than P. sylvestris on stands with no canopy die-off or mortality. In contrast, climatic suitability extracted from SDMs was negatively related to sub-canopy P. sylvestris growth and had no effect on Q. pubescens. These contrasting results support observations at plot scale that P. sylvestris self-replacement is better explained by local environmental conditions than by values of climatic suitability obtained from regional-scale data-sets. Nevertheless, these climatic suitability measures remain consistent with the overall pattern of low seedling recruitment observed in previous works at the rear edge of species' distribution. This study reveals that short-term shifts in species dominance at a local scale will not necessarily occur in the studied P. sylvestris forests following die-off. This finding endorses the notion that micro-local environment and species traits (i. e. , light and temperature tolerance, life-history strategies) modulate the capacity for resilience in rear-edge populations that would probably be prone to collapse otherwise.
Ajuts:	Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte FPU15/04593 Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad CGL2015-67419-R Agencia Estatal de Investigación PID2020-115264RB-I00 Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca 2017/SGR-1001
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, i la comunicació pública de l'obra, sempre que no sigui amb finalitats comercials, i sempre que es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original. No es permet la creació d'obres derivades.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió acceptada per publicar
Matèria:	SDG 13 - Climate Action
Publicat a:	Forest ecology and management, Vol. 521 (October 2022) , art. 120427, ISSN 1872-7042

DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120427

Postprint 34 p, 1.2 MB

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