Socioeconomic inequalities in COVID-19 infection and vaccine uptake among children and adolescents in Catalonia, Spain : a population-based cohort study
López-Sánchez, Irene (Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol)
Perramon-Malavez, Aida (Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya)
Soriano-Arandes, Antoni (Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR))
Prats, Clara (Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya)
Duarte Salles, Talita 1985- (Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol)
Raventós, Berta (Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol)
Roel Herranz, Elena (Institut de Recerca Sant Pau)
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Date:	2024
Abstract:	Introduction: This study aims to investigate the relationship between deprivation, as measured by a socioeconomic deprivation index (SDI) score for census tract urban areas, and COVID-19 infections and vaccine uptake among children and adolescents before and after the vaccination rollout in Catalonia, Spain. Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study using primary care records. Individuals were followed 3 months before the start of the vaccination campaign in Spain and 3 months after. Children (5-11 years) and adolescents (12-15 years) with at least 1 year of prior history observation available and without missing deprivation data. For each outcome, we estimated cumulative incidence and crude Cox proportional-hazard models by SDI quintiles, and hazard ratios (HRs) of COVID-19 infection and vaccine uptake relative to the least deprived quintile, Q1. Results: Before COVID-19 vaccination rollout, 290,625 children and 179,685 adolescents were analyzed. Increased HR of deprivation was associated with a higher risk of COVID-19 infection in both children [Q5: 1. 55 (95% CI, 1. 47-1. 63)] and adolescents [Q5: 1. 36 (95% CI, 1. 29-1. 43)]. After the rollout, this pattern changed among children, with lower risk of infection in more deprived areas [Q5: 0. 62 (95% CI, 0. 61-0. 64)]. Vaccine uptake was higher among adolescents than children, but in both age groups, non-vaccination was more common among those living in more deprived areas (39. 3% and 74. 6% in Q1 vs. 26. 5% and 66. 9% in Q5 among children and adolescents, respectively). Conclusions: Children and adolescents living in deprived areas were at higher risk of COVID-19 non-vaccination. Socioeconomic disparities in COVID-19 infection were also evident before vaccine rollout, with a higher infection risk in deprived areas across age groups. Our findings suggest that changes in the association between deprivation and infections among children after the vaccine rollout were likely due to testing disparities.
Rights:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Language:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Subject:	COVID-19 ; Adolescents ; Children ; Infection ; Socioeconomic deprivation ; Vaccine uptake
Published in:	Frontiers in Pediatrics, Vol. 12 (2024) , p. 1466884, ISSN 2296-2360

DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1466884
PMID: 39633820

10 p, 3.2 MB

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Research literature > UAB research groups literature > Research Centres and Groups (research output) > Health sciences and biosciences > Institut de Recerca Sant Pau
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