Association between different diet quality scores and depression risk : the REGICOR population-based cohort study
Lugon, Gabriela (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques)
Hernáez, Álvaro (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques)
Jacka, F.N. (Deakin University)
Marrugat, Jaume 1954- (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques)
Ramos, Rafael (Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol)
Garre-Olmo, J. (Universitat de Girona)
Elosua, Roberto (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques)
Lassale, Camille (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques)
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Data:	2024
Resum:	Our aim was to determine the association between diet quality and depression incidence in the population-based REGICOR cohort study, Catalonia, Spain. Methods: Prospective observational study using participants' baseline (2003-2006), follow-up (2007-2013) and clinical records data. Five diet quality scores were derived from a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at baseline: the relative Mediterranean Diet Score (rMED), the Modified Mediterranean Diet Score (ModMDS), a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score, a Healthful Plant-based Diet Index (HPDI) and the World Health Organization Healthy Diet Indicator (WHO-HDI). Participants using pharmacological antidepressant treatment were excluded as a proxy for presence of depression at baseline. At follow-up, the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was applied to assess depressive symptoms (≥ 10 defining depressive disorder). A secondary outcome was depression diagnosis assessed through clinical records. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were used. Results: Main analysis included 3046 adults (50. 3% women) with a mean age of 54. 7 (SD = 11. 6) years. After 6-years follow-up, 184 (6. 04%) cases of depressive disorder were identified. There was 16% lower odds of depressive disorder per 1SD increase of rMED (OR = 0. 84; 95%CI = 0. 71-0. 98). Secondary outcome analysis (n = 4789) identified 261 (5. 45%) incident cases of clinical depression diagnosis over 12 years follow-up, and 19% lower risk of clinical depression was observed with the WHO-HDI (HR = 0. 81; 95%CI = 0. 70-0. 93). Adjusting for BMI did not attenuate the findings. Conclusions: A significant inverse association between diet quality and depression incidence was found in this population-based cohort study, independent of sociodemographic, health and lifestyle. Adherence to a healthy diet could be a complementary intervention for the prevention of depression.
Ajuts:	Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad PI12/00232 Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad PI15/00051 Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI21/00040 Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca 2017/SGR-222
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Depression ; Dietary score ; Nutritional psychiatry ; Prevention
Publicat a:	European Journal of Nutrition, Vol. 63 Núm. 8 (december 2024) , p. 2885-2895, ISSN 1436-6215

DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03466-z
PMID: 39180556

11 p, 1.8 MB

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