Genomic Adaptations and Evolutionary History of the Extinct Scimitar-Toothed Cat, Homotherium latidens
Barnett, Ross (University of Copenhagen. Section for Evolutionary Genomics)
Westbury, Michael V. (University of Copenhagen. Section for Evolutionary Genomics)
Sandoval-Velasco, Marcela (University of Copenhagen. Section for Evolutionary Genomics)
Garrett Vieira, Filipe (University of Copenhagen. Section for Evolutionary Genomics)
Jeon, Sungwon (Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology. Department of Biomedical Engineering)
Zazula, Grant (Government of Yukon. Yukon Palaeontology Program)
Martin, Michael (Norwegian University of Science and Technology. Department of Natural History)
Ho, Simon Y. W. (University of Sydney. School of Life and Environmental Sciences)
Mather, Niklas (University of Sydney. School of Life and Environmental Sciences)
Gopalakrishnan, Shyam (University of Copenhagen. Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics)
Ramos-Madrigal, Jazmín (University of Copenhagen. Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics)
de Manuel, Marc (Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (UPF-CSIC) (Barcelona))
Zepeda Mendoza, Marie Lisandra (University of Birmingham. Institute of Microbiology and Infection)
Antunes, Agostinho (University of Porto. Department of Biology)
Baez, Aldo Carmon (University of Copenhagen. Section for Evolutionary Genomics)
De Cahsan, Binia (University of Copenhagen. Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics)
Larson, Greger (University of Oxford. The Palaeogenomics and Bio-Archaeology Research Network)
O'Brien, Stephen J. (Nova Southeastern University. Guy Harvey Oceanographic Center)
Eizirik, Eduardo (Instituto Pró-Carnívoros)
Johnson, Warren E. (Walter Reed Army Institute of Research)
Koepfli, Klaus-Peter (Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute. Center for Species Survival)
Wilting, Andreas (Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research)
Fickel, Jöms (University of Potsdam. Institute for Biochemistry and Biology)
Dalén, Love (Swedish Museum of Natural History. Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics)
Lorenzen, Eline D. (University of Copenhagen. Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics)
Marques-Bonet, Tomas 1975- (Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont)
Hansen, Anders J. (University of Copenhagen. Section for GeoGenetics)
Zhang, Guojie (Chinese Academy of Sciences. Kunming Institute of Zoology)
Bhak, Jong (Personal Genomics Institute. Genome Research Foundation)
Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki (Universiti Malaysia Terengganu. Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development)
Gilbert, M. Thomas P. (University of Copenhagen. Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics)

Fecha:	2020
Resumen:	Homotherium was a genus of large-bodied scimitar-toothed cats, morphologically distinct from any extant felid species, that went extinct at the end of the Pleistocene [1-4]. They possessed large, saber-form serrated canine teeth, powerful forelimbs, a sloping back, and an enlarged optic bulb, all of which were key characteristics for predation on Pleistocene megafauna [5]. Previous mitochondrial DNA phylogenies suggested that it was a highly divergent sister lineage to all extant cat species [6-8]. However, mitochondrial phylogenies can be misled by hybridization [9], incomplete lineage sorting (ILS), or sex-biased dispersal patterns [10], which might be especially relevant for Homotherium since widespread mito-nuclear discrepancies have been uncovered in modern cats [10]. To examine the evolutionary history of Homotherium, we generated a ∼7x nuclear genome and a ∼38x exome from H. latidens using shotgun and target-capture sequencing approaches. Phylogenetic analyses reveal Homotherium as highly divergent (∼22. 5 Ma) from living cat species, with no detectable signs of gene flow. Comparative genomic analyses found signatures of positive selection in several genes, including those involved in vision, cognitive function, and energy consumption, putatively consistent with diurnal activity, well-developed social behavior, and cursorial hunting [5]. Finally, we uncover relatively high levels of genetic diversity, suggesting that Homotherium may have been more abundant than the limited fossil record suggests [3, 4, 11-14]. Our findings complement and extend previous inferences from both the fossil record and initial molecular studies, enhancing our understanding of the evolution and ecology of this remarkable lineage.
Ayudas:	European Commission 298820 European Commission 681396
Derechos:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, i la comunicació pública de l'obra, sempre que no sigui amb finalitats comercials, i sempre que es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original. No es permet la creació d'obres derivades.
Lengua:	Anglès
Documento:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Materia:	Homotherium ; Paleogenome ; Genomics ; Comparative genomes ; Adaptation ; Phylogeny ; Ancient DNA ; Palaeogenome ; Diversity ; Selection
Publicado en:	Current Biology, Vol. 30, Issue 24 (December 2020) , p. ages 5018-5025.e5, ISSN 1879-0445

DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.09.051
PMID: 33065008

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Extended 21 p, 2.1 MB

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Documentos de investigación > Documentos de los grupos de investigación de la UAB > Centros y grupos de investigación (producción científica) > Ciencias > Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont (ICP)
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