Lockdown measures and relative changes in the age-specific incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in Spain
Martínez de Salazar, Pablo (Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics. Department of Epidemiology. Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health)
Gómez-Barroso, D. (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública)
Pampaka, D. (Centro Nacional de Epidemiología (Espanya))
Gil, J. M. (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau)
Peñalver, B. (Centro Nacional de Epidemiología (Espanya))
Fernández-Escobar, C. (Centro Nacional de Epidemiología (Espanya))
Lipsitch, M. (Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases. Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health)
Larrauri, Amparo (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública)
Goldstein, E. (Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics. Department of Epidemiology. Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health)
Hernán, M. A. (Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (Boston, Estats Units d'Amèrica))
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Data:	2020
Resum:	During the first months of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in 2020, Spain implemented an initial lockdown period on March 15 followed by a strengthened lockdown period on March 30 when only essential workers continued to commute to work. However, little is known about the epidemic dynamics in different age groups during these periods. We used the daily number of COVID-19 cases (by date of symptom onset) reported to the National Epidemiological Surveillance Network (RENAVE) among individuals aged 15-19y through 65-69y. For each age group g, we computed the proportion PrE(g) of individuals in age group g among all reported cases aged 15-69y during the pre-lockdown period (March 1-10, 2020) and the corresponding proportion PrL(g) during two lockdown periods (initial: 25 March-3 April; strengthened: 8-17 April, 2020). For each lockdown period, we computed the proportion ratios PR(g)= PrL(g)/PrE(g). For each pair of age groups g1,g, PR(g)>PR(g) implies a relative increase in the incidence of detected SARS-CoV-2 infection in the age group g compared with g for the lockdown period vs. the pre-lockdown period. For the initial lockdown period, the highest PR values were in age groups 50-54y (PR=1. 21; 95% CI: 1. 12,1. 30) and 55-59y (PR=1. 19; 1. 11,1. 27). For the second lockdown period, the highest PR values were in age groups 15-19y (PR=1. 26; 0. 95,1. 68) and 50-54y (PR=1. 20; 1. 09,1. 31). Our results suggest that different outbreak control measures led to different changes in the relative incidence by age group. During the initial lockdown period, when non-essential work was allowed, individuals aged 40-64y, particularly those aged 50-59y, had a higher relative incidence compared with the pre-lockdown period. Younger adults/older adolescents had an increased relative incidence during the later, strengthened lockdown. The role of different age groups during the epidemic should be considered when implementing future mitigation efforts.
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Age groups ; Lockdown ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Spain ; COVID-19
Publicat a:	Epidemiology and Infection, 2020 , ISSN 1469-4409

DOI: 10.1017/S0950268820002551
PMID: 33081851

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