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| Home > Articles > Published articles > Small resistance artery disease and ACE2 in hypertension : |
(Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau)| Date: | 2020 |
| Abstract: | Cardiovascular disease causes almost one third of deaths worldwide, and more than half are related to primary arterial hypertension (PAH). The occurrence of several deleterious events, such as hyperactivation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), and oxidative and inflammatory stress, contributes to the development of small vessel disease in PAH. Small resistance arteries are found at various points through the arterial tree, act as the major site of vascular resistance, and actively regulate local tissue perfusion. Experimental and clinical studies demonstrate that alterations in small resistance artery properties are important features of PAH pathophysiology. Diseased small vessels in PAH show decreased lumens, thicker walls, endothelial dysfunction, and oxidative stress and inflammation. These events may lead to altered blood flow supply to tissues and organs, and can increase the risk of thrombosis. Notably, PAH is prevalent among patients diagnosed with COVID-19, in whom evidence of small vessel disease leading to cardiovascular pathology is reported. The SARS-Cov2 virus, responsible for COVID-19, achieves cell entry through an S (spike) high-affinity protein binding to the catalytic domain of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a negative regulator of the RAS pathway. Therefore, it is crucial to examine the relationship between small resistance artery disease, ACE2, and PAH, to understand COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. The scope of the present review is to briefly summarize available knowledge on the role of small resistance artery disease and ACE2 in PAH, and critically discuss their clinical relevance in the context of cardiovascular pathology associated to COVID-19. |
| Grants: | Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI17/01837 Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad SAF2014-56111-R Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca SGR-645 Instituto de Salud Carlos III CB16/11/00257 Instituto de Salud Carlos III CP15/00126 |
| Note: | This work was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministerio de Econom?a y Competitividad (MINECO)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (PI17/01837 to MG and SAF2014-56111-R to FJ-A); Generalitat de Catalunya (SGR-645 to FJ-A); and by CIBER on Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV) (CB16/11/00257 to MG), an initiative from Carlos III National Institute of Health, Spain with co-funding from the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). MG was supported by funds provided by ISCIII (CP15/00126, Miguel Servet I program). |
| Note: | This work was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (PI17/01837 to MG and SAF2014-56111-R to FJ-A); Generalitat de Catalunya (SGR-645 to FJ-A); and by CIBER on Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV) (CB16/11/00257 to MG), an initiative from Carlos III National Institute of Health, Spain with co-funding from |
| Rights: | Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.  |
| Language: | Anglès |
| Document: | Article de revisió ; recerca ; Versió publicada |
| Subject: | Primary arterial hypertension ; Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV2 ; Endothelial dysfunction ; Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system ; Oxidative and inflammatory stress ; Small resistance arteries |
| Published in: | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Vol. 7 (october 2020) , p. 588692, ISSN 2297-055X |
