Towards Accurate Point-of-Care Tests for Tuberculosis in Children
Vaezipour, Nina (University Children's Hospital Basel (Basilea, Suïssa))
Fritschi, Nora (University Children's Hospital Basel (Basilea, Suïssa))
Brasier, Noé (University Hospital Basel (Basilea, Suïssa))
Bélard, Sabine (Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin)
Domínguez, José (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol)
Tebruegge, Marc (The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne)
Portevin, Damien (University of Basel)
Ritz, Nicole (Lucerne Cantonal Hospital)
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Data:	2022
Resum:	In childhood tuberculosis (TB), with an estimated 69% of missed cases in children under 5 years of age, the case detection gap is larger than in other age groups, mainly due to its paucibacillary nature and children's difficulties in delivering sputum specimens. Accurate and accessible point-of-care tests (POCTs) are needed to detect TB disease in children and, in turn, reduce TB-related morbidity and mortality in this vulnerable population. In recent years, several POCTs for TB have been developed. These include new tools to improve the detection of TB in respiratory and gastric samples, such as molecular detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and portable polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based GeneXpert. In addition, the urine-based detection of lipoarabinomannan (LAM), as well as imaging modalities through point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS), are currently the POCTs in use. Further to this, artificial intelligence-based interpretation of ultrasound imaging and radiography is now integrated into computer-aided detection products. In the future, portable radiography may become more widely available, and robotics-supported ultrasound imaging is currently being trialed. Finally, novel blood-based tests evaluating the immune response using "omic-"techniques are underway. This approach, including transcriptomics, metabolomic, proteomics, lipidomics and genomics, is still distant from being translated into POCT formats, but the digital development may rapidly enhance innovation in this field. Despite these significant advances, TB-POCT development and implementation remains challenged by the lack of standard ways to access non-sputum-based samples, the need to differentiate TB infection from disease and to gain acceptance for novel testing strategies specific to the conditions and settings of use.
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	GeneXpert ; LAM ; LAMP ; Lipoarabinomannan ; POCT ; POCUS ; Sonography ; Truenat
Publicat a:	Pathogens, Vol. 11 (march 2022) , ISSN 2076-0817

DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11030327
PMID: 35335651

17 p, 895.7 KB

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Documents de recerca > Documents dels grups de recerca de la UAB > Centres i grups de recerca (producció científica) > Ciències de la salut i biociències > Institut d'Investigació en Ciencies de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP)
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