Latin America and the Caribbean Code Against Cancer 1st Edition : Medical interventions including hormone replacement therapy and cancer screening
Baena, Armando (International Agency for Research on Cancer)
Paolino, Melisa (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (Argentina). Centro de Estudios de Estado y Sociedad)
Villarreal-Garza, Cynthia (Centro de Cáncer de Mama. Hospital Zambrano Hellion - TecSalud. Tecnológico de Monterrey)
Torres, Gabriela (Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca)
Delgado, Lucia (Universidad de la República (Uruguai))
Ruiz, Rossana (Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas)
Canelo Aybar, Carlos Gilberto (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau)
Song, Yang (Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (Barcelona, Catalunya))
Feliu, Ariadna (International Agency for Research on Cancer)
Maza, Mauricio (Pan American Health Organization PAHO/WHO)
Jeronimo, Jose (National Institutes of Health (Bethesda, Estats Units d'Amèrica))
Espina, Carolina (International Agency for Research on Cancer)
Almonte, Maribel (International Agency for Research on Cancer)
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Data:	2023
Resum:	Prostate, breast, colorectal, cervical, and lung cancers are the leading cause of cancer in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) accounting for nearly 50% of cancer cases and cancer deaths in the region. Following the IARC Code Against Cancer methodology, a group of Latin American experts evaluated the evidence on several medical interventions to reduce cancer incidence and mortality considering the cancer burden in the region. A recommendation to limit the use of HRT was issued based on the risk associated to develop breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancer and on growing concerns related to the over-the-counter and without prescription sales, which in turn bias estimations on current use in LAC. In alignment with WHO breast and cervical cancer initiatives, biennial screening by clinical breast examination (performed by trained health professionals) from the age of 40 years and biennial screening by mammography from the age of 50 years to 74, as well as cervical screening by HPV testing (either self-sampling or provider-sampling) every 5-10 years for women aged 30-64 years, were recommended. The steadily increasing rates of colorectal cancer in LAC also led to recommend colorectal screening by occult blood testing every two years or by endoscopic examination of the colorectum every 10 years for both men and women aged 50-74 years. After evaluating the evidence, the experts decided not to issue recommendations for prostate and lung cancer screening; while there was insufficient evidence on prostate cancer mortality reduction by prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, there was evidence of mortality reduction by low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) targeting high-risk individuals (mainly heavy and/or long-term smokers) but not individuals with average risk to whom recommendations of this Code are directed. Finally, the group of experts adapted the gathered evidence to develop a competency-based online microlearning program for building cancer prevention capacity of primary care health professionals.
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Cancer prevention ; Cancer screening and early diagnosis ; Code Against Cancer ; Hormone replacement therapy use ; Latin America and the Caribbean
Publicat a:	Cancer Epidemiology, Vol. 86 (october 2023) , p. 102446, ISSN 1877-783X

DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2023.102446
PMID: 37852728

13 p, 8.1 MB

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