All-cause and cause-specific mortality attributable to educational inequalities in Spain
Trias-Llimós, Sergi (Centre d'Estudis Demogràfics)
Riffe, Tim (Universidad del País Vasco)
Martín, Unai (Universidad del País Vasco)
Centre d'Estudis Demogràfics

Data:	2025
Resum:	Background: Socioeconomic inequalities in mortality give key information for public health preventive policies. We aim to assess the magnitude of educational inequalities in cause-specific mortality in Spain (2016-21). Methods: We use mortality register and population exposure data for Spain for individuals aged 35-99 years for 2016-21. These data included information on age, sex, educational attainment, and causes of death. We estimated all-cause and age- and cause-specific mortality attributable to educational inequality (death counts, attributable fractions (AF), and years of life lost (YLL)) by treating the high education group as a counterfactual benchmark. Results: There were 426,449 average annual deaths in Spain in 2016-21, and we estimated 82,815 average annual deaths (42,867 males and 39,948 females) attributable to education inequality (AF of 19. 5%). Deaths attributable to inequality were highly concentrated at ages 75 and over, yet the proportion of deaths attributable to educational inequality was higher at young ages (50% and 31% at ages 35-39 for males and females, respectively). Circulatory system causes of death were the leading cause in terms of deaths attributable to inequality in females (16,051 deaths, AF = 25. 9%, YLL = 174,195) and the second cause in males (10,542 deaths, AF = 19. 2%, YLL = 179,744). Neoplasms were the leading cause of death in males (10,868 deaths, AF = 16. 1%, YLL = 230,958) but not in females (1,520 deaths, AF = 3. 4%, YLL = 45,011). Conclusions:Educational inequality remains a major public health challenge; its population-level impact on mortality is higher compared to the impact of smoking. Public health interventions addressing gender-specific social determinants of inequalities in health have a great potential for reducing mortality.
Ajuts:	European Commission 864616 Agencia Estatal de Investigación PID2023-148727OA-I00 Agencia Estatal de Investigación RYC2021-033123-I Agencia Estatal de Investigación PID2022-142762OA-I00
Nota:	Altres ajuts: Beca Leonardo BBVA Foundation LEO23-2-9669-ECS-DEM-16
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, i la comunicació pública de l'obra, sempre que no sigui amb finalitats comercials, i sempre que es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original. No es permet la creació d'obres derivades.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Excess mortality ; Inequalities ; Premature mortality
Publicat a:	BMC public health, Vol. 25 (July 2025) , ISSN 1471-2458

DOI: 10.1186/s12889-025-23661-9
PMID: 40676562

11 p, 1.3 MB

El registre apareix a les col·leccions:
Documents de recerca > Documents dels grups de recerca de la UAB > Centres i grups de recerca (producció científica) > Ciències socials i jurídiques > Centre d’Estudis Demogràfics (CED-CERCA)
Articles > Articles de recerca
Articles > Articles publicats