High exposure of global tree diversity to human pressure
Guo, Wen-Yong (East China Normal University)
Serra Díaz, Josep M (Université de Lorraine)
Schrodt, Franziska (University of Nottingham)
Eiserhardt, Wolf L. (Aarhus University)
Maitner, Brian S. (University of Arizona)
Merow, Cory (University of Connecticut)
Violle, Cyrille (Université Montpellier)
Anand, Madhur (University of Guelph)
Belluau, Michael (Université du Québec à Montréal)
Bruun, Hans Henrik (University of Copenhagen)
Byun, Chaeho (Andong National University)
Catford, Jane A (King's College London)
Cerabolini, Bruno Enrico Leone (University of Insubria)
Chacón-Madrigal, Eduardo (Universidad de Costa Rica)
Ciccarelli, Daniela (University of Pisa)
Cornelissen, J. H. C (Vrije Universiteit)
Dang-Le, Anh Tuan (Vietnam National University)
de Frutos, Angel (German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research)
Dias, Arildo S (Goethe University)
Giroldo, Aelton B (Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciências e Tecnologia do Ceará)
Guo, Kun (East China Normal University)
Gutiérrez, Alvaro G (Universidad de Chile)
Hattingh, Wesley (Nova Pioneer)
He, Tianhua (Murdoch University)
Hietz, Peter (University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences)
Hough-Snee, Nate (Meadow Run Environmental)
Jansen, Steven (Ulm University)
Kattge, Jens (Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry)
Klein, Tamir (The Weizmann Institute of Science)
Komac, Benjamin (Institut d'Estudis Andorrans)
Kraft, Nathan J. B (University of California)
Kramer, Koen (Land Life Company)
Lavorel, Sandra (Université Grenoble Alpes)
Lusk, Christopher H. (University of Waikato)
Martin, Adam R (University of Toronto Scarborough)
Mencuccini, Maurizio (Centre de Recerca Ecològica i d'Aplicacions Forestals)
Michaletz, Sean T (University of British Columbia)
Minden, Vanessa (University of Oldenburg)
Mori, Akira S (Yokohama National University)
Niinemets, Ülo (Estonian University of Life Sciences)
Onoda, Yusuke (Kyoto University)
Peñuelas, Josep (Centre de Recerca Ecològica i d'Aplicacions Forestals)
Pillar, Valério (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul)
Pisek, Jan (University of Tartu)
Robroek, Bjorn J. M (Radboud University Nijmegen)
Schamp, Brandon (Algoma University)
Slot, Martijn (Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute)
Sosinski, Ênio (Embrapa Clima Temperado)
Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A. (Hasselt University)
Thiffault, Nelson (Natural Resources Canada)
van Bodegom, Peter (Leiden University)
van der Plas, Fons (Wageningen University)
Wright, Ian J (Macquarie University)
Xu, Wu-Bing (German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research)
Zheng, Jingming (Beijing Forestry University)
Enquist, Brian J. (The Santa Fe Institute)
Svenning, Jens-Christian (Aarhus University)

Data:	2022
Resum:	Earth's tree diversity is crucial for biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services. Using species range estimates for 46,752 tree species, we find that an average of 50. 2% of a tree species' range occurs in 110-km grid cells without any protected areas, with a total of 6,377 small-range tree species entirely unprotected, and that 83% of tree species experience nonnegligible human pressure across their range on average. Protecting additional areas selected to optimally cover multiple dimensions of tree diversity would strongly improve this situation. Our results highlight the need for strengthening efforts to protect tree diversity via increased coverage of protected areas through well-targeted conservation actions as well as integration of tree diversity into restoration efforts in human-dominated landscapes. Safeguarding Earth's tree diversity is a conservation priority due to the importance of trees for biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services such as carbon sequestration. Here, we improve the foundation for effective conservation of global tree diversity by analyzing a recently developed database of tree species covering 46,752 species. We quantify range protection and anthropogenic pressures for each species and develop conservation priorities across taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity dimensions. We also assess the effectiveness of several influential proposed conservation prioritization frameworks to protect the top 17% and top 50% of tree priority areas. We find that an average of 50. 2% of a tree species' range occurs in 110-km grid cells without any protected areas (PAs), with 6,377 small-range tree species fully unprotected, and that 83% of tree species experience nonnegligible human pressure across their range on average. Protecting high-priority areas for the top 17% and 50% priority thresholds would increase the average protected proportion of each tree species' range to 65. 5% and 82. 6%, respectively, leaving many fewer species (2,151 and 2,010) completely unprotected. The priority areas identified for trees match well to the Global 200 Ecoregions framework, revealing that priority areas for trees would in large part also optimize protection for terrestrial biodiversity overall. Based on range estimates for >46,000 tree species, our findings show that a large proportion of tree species receive limited protection by current PAs and are under substantial human pressure. Improved protection of biodiversity overall would also strongly benefit global tree diversity.
Ajuts:	European Commission 610028
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, i la comunicació pública de l'obra, sempre que no sigui amb finalitats comercials, i sempre que es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original. No es permet la creació d'obres derivades.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Biodiversity ; Conservation frameworks ; Land use ; Protected areas ; Tree species
Publicat a:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 119, Núm. 25 (June 2022) , art. e2026733119, ISSN 1091-6490

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2026733119
PMID: 35709320

11 p, 2.5 MB

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