Gut microbiota linked to sexual preference and HIV infection
Noguera-Julian, Marc (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa)
Rocafort, Muntsa (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa)
Guillén, Yolanda (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa)
Rivera, Javier (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa)
Casadellà, Maria (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa)
Nowak, Piotr (Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset)
Hildebrand, Falk (European Molecular Biology Laboratory)
Zeller, Georg (European Molecular Biology Laboratory)
Parera, Mariona (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa)
Bellido, Rocío (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa)
Rodríguez, Cristina (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa)
Carrillo, Jorge (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa)
Mothe, Beatriz (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa)
Coll, Josep (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa)
Bravo, Isabel (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol)
Estany Quera, Carla (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol)
Herrero, Cristina (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol)
Saz, Jorge (BCN Checkpoint)
Sirera, Guillem (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol)
Torrela, Ariadna (Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron)
Navarro, Jordi (Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron)
Crespo Casal, Manuel (Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron)
Brander, Christian (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa)
Negredo Puigmal, Eugènia (Universitat de Vic)
Blanco, Julià (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa)
Guarner, Francisco (Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron)
Calle, M. Luz (Universitat de Vic)
Bork, Peer (European Molecular Biology Laboratory)
Sönnerborg, Anders (Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset)
Clotet Sala, Bonaventura (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa)
Paredes, Roger (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa)

Date:	2016
Abstract:	The precise effects of HIV-1 on the gut microbiome are unclear. Initial cross-sectional studies provided contradictory associations between microbial richness and HIV serostatus and suggested shifts from Bacteroides to Prevotella predominance following HIV-1 infection, which have not been found in animal models or in studies matched for HIV-1 transmission groups. In two independent cohorts of HIV-1-infected subjects and HIV-1-negative controls in Barcelona (n = 156) and Stockholm (n = 84), men who have sex with men (MSM) predominantly belonged to the Prevotella -rich enterotype whereas most non-MSM subjects were enriched in Bacteroides, independently of HIV-1 status, and with only a limited contribution of diet effects. Moreover, MSM had a significantly richer and more diverse fecal microbiota than non-MSM individuals. After stratifying for sexual orientation, there was no solid evidence of an HIV-specific dysbiosis. However, HIV-1 infection remained consistently associated with reduced bacterial richness, the lowest bacterial richness being observed in subjects with a virological-immune discordant response to antiretroviral therapy. Our findings indicate that HIV gut microbiome studies must control for HIV risk factors and suggest interventions on gut bacterial richness as possible novel avenues to improve HIV-1-associated immune dysfunction. The human intestinal microbiota is essential for human health and well-being and is driven by genetic, lifestyle and environmental factors. Here, we show in two independent cohorts of HIV-1-infected subjects and HIV-1-negative controls in Europe that gay men often have a distinct composition of the human fecal microbiota, with increased microbial richness and diversity and enrichment in the Prevotella enterotype. This is independent of HIV-1 status, and with only a limited contribution of diet effects. After accounting for sexual orientation, however, HIV-1 infection remains associated to reduced bacterial richness, more so in subjects with suboptimal CD4 + T-cell count recovery under antiretroviral therapy. Future studies should evaluate if interventions to increase gut bacterial richness could improve HIV-associated immune dysfunction.
Rights:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Language:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Subject:	HIV-1 ; Microbiome ; Microbiota ; 16S rDNA ; Prevotella ; Bacteroides
Published in:	EBioMedicine, Vol. 5 (March 2016) , p. 135-146, ISSN 2352-3964

DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.01.032
PMID: 27077120

12 p, 2.8 MB

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Research literature > UAB research groups literature > Research Centres and Groups (research output) > Health sciences and biosciences > Institut d'Investigació en Ciencies de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP)
Articles > Research articles
Articles > Published articles